Introduction to Computing MCQs with Answers
Practice important Introduction to Computing MCQs with answers and explanations.
Chapter: 162
Q2261:
What is the lost update problem in a database system?
A. Two transactions making deductions from the same account without reflecting each other's changes
B. One transaction incorrectly summarizing data
C. Two transactions sharing data with incorrect access levels
D. A transaction being rolled back due to errors
Correct Answer:
B
Chapter: 162
Q2262:
What is the primary purpose of a locking protocol in a database system?
A. To prevent interactions between transactions that can cause erroneous results
B. To speed up the execution of transactions
C. To provide automatic backups
D. To recover lost data
Correct Answer:
A
Chapter: 162
Q2263:
What does an exclusive lock in a database protocol allow a transaction to do?
A. Alter the data item exclusively while preventing other transactions from accessing it
B. Share access with other transactions
C. Read the data item without making changes
D. Remove the lock from the data item
Correct Answer:
A
Chapter: 162
Q2264:
What happens if a transaction requests shared access to an item that already has an exclusive lock?
A. The request is denied and the transaction must wait
B. The transaction is granted access immediately
C. An error is logged and the transaction is rolled back
D. The item is unlocked for shared access
Correct Answer:
A
Chapter: 162
Q2265:
How does a scheduler in a DBMS help manage transactions?
A. It coordinates time-sharing among transactions, similar to multiprogramming in operating systems
B. It forces transactions to execute one at a time
C. It logs all transactions for recovery
D. It allocates additional resources to transactions
Correct Answer:
B
Chapter: 162
Q2266:
What is the purpose of the wound-wait protocol in database systems?
A. To avoid deadlocks by giving priority to older transactions over younger transactions
B. It speeds up transaction processing
C. It ensures that all transactions are executed immediately
D. It prevents transactions from rolling back
Correct Answer:
D
Chapter: 162
Q2267:
Fill in the blank: In a locking protocol, if a transaction requests exclusive access to an item with an existing lock, the request is __________.
A. Denied
B. Granted
C. Logged
D. Processed
Correct Answer:
A
Chapter: 162
Q2268:
What type of lock is used to allow multiple transactions to read but not alter a data item?
A. Shared lock
B. Exclusive lock
C. Temporary lock
D. Volatile lock
Correct Answer:
A
Chapter: 162
Q2269:
What is a consequence of a deadlock in a database system?
A. Two transactions blocking each other's progress due to mutual exclusive access requests
B. Immediate transaction completion
C. Automatic resolution of conflicting transactions
D. Unlimited access to all transactions
Correct Answer:
A
Chapter: 162
Q2270:
Fill in the blank: A database management system uses __________ to ensure that transactions are executed without causing anomalies like incorrect summaries.
A. Schedulers and locking protocols
B. Log files and backups
C. Temporary storage and memory
D. Backup copies and error logs
Correct Answer:
A
Chapter: 163
Q2271:
What is a sequential file?
A. A file accessed in a random order
B. A file accessed in a serial manner from beginning to end
C. A file with multiple access points
D. A file with no specific access order
Correct Answer:
B
Chapter: 163
Q2272:
Which of the following is an example of a sequential file?
A. Database table
B. Audio file
C. Index file
D. Cache file
Correct Answer:
B
Chapter: 163
Q2273:
What format is used to encode each logical record in a text file?
A. Binary format
B. ASCII or Unicode format
C. Hexadecimal format
D. Compressed format
Correct Answer:
B
Chapter: 163
Q2274:
In a sequential file, what does each 31-character block represent in the given example?
A. An employee's name
B. An employee's identification number
C. A single employee's record
D. A part of an employee's record
Correct Answer:
C
Chapter: 163
Q2275:
How does a magnetic disk storage system maintain the sequential nature of a file?
A. It uses a list of sectors to retrieve the file in the proper sequence
B. It stores the file on a single continuous track
C. It uses sequential memory to store the file
D. It encodes the file in a special format
Correct Answer:
A
Chapter: 163
Q2276:
What is the end-of-file (EOF) in a sequential file?
A. A special record or information that indicates the end of the file
B. A marker that shows the beginning of the file
C. A section that holds temporary data
D. A location where the file is stored on disk
Correct Answer:
A
Chapter: 163
Q2277:
What is a sentinel in the context of sequential files?
A. A special record placed at the end of the file to mark its termination
B. A temporary record used during file processing
C. A record that helps in file retrieval
D. A marker indicating the file's beginning
Correct Answer:
A
Chapter: 163
Q2278:
In which scenario is a sequential file particularly useful?
A. Payroll processing in a small company
B. Handling complex queries on large datasets
C. Storing real-time streaming data
D. Managing high-frequency trading transactions
Correct Answer:
A
Chapter: 163
Q2279:
What challenge does magnetic disk storage pose for sequential files?
A. The file is scattered over different sectors, which requires maintaining a list for retrieval
B. Files are stored sequentially by default
C. There is no way to access files in order
D. Files are automatically encoded in a special format
Correct Answer:
A
Chapter: 163
Q2280:
Fill in the blank: A sequential file is accessed in a __________ manner from its beginning to end.
A. Serial
B. Random
C. Parallel
D. Chunked
Correct Answer:
A